The 2023 Certificate of Secondary Education results showed 17,691 students failed the exams, which the education ministry attributed to tight control over malpractices compared with the previous years. Overall, 45,666 candidates registered for the SSCSE exams, with 28,038 males and 16,628 females in 500 schools across the country.
Writer: Makur Majeng
South Sudan’s Ministry of General Education and Instruction (MoGEI) on 8th August 2024 announced that only 26,440 candidates passed with a rate of 59.9% out of 44,131 candidates who fully sat for the 2023 Certificate of Secondary Education.
The exam was conducted from the 4th to the 16th of December 2023 according to the National Examinations Council’s calendar.
The National Examinations Council (NEC) noted that out of 45,666 candidates registered for the exams across the country, 966 candidates did not turn up for the examination, 291 did not complete exams, 8 did not follow exam registration criteria, and 28 cheating cases were recorded. These made the candidates’ results incomplete, cancelled, and not graded.
Data Source: Ministry of General Education and Instruction
The candidates that sat for the 2023 NEC exams were registered under different sections, whereby 45,433 candidates registered under the academic section, with 28,878 male and 16,555 female, 107 candidates were registered under the commercial section with 49 male and 58 female, and 126 registered for the technical section with 111 male and 15 female.
Data Source: Ministry of General Education and Instruction
NEC indicated that out of 45,666 candidates, 44,131 were successfully graded, with 27,897 male and 16,234 female, representing 63.2% and 36.8%, respectively.
In addition to that, out of 44,131, 26,440 candidates obtained a mean grade of C plain and above which qualified them for university entry, with 16,633 male and 9,807 female. However, 17,692 with 11,264 male and 6,427 female candidates failed the examinations.
“Out of the 44,131 candidates, 26,440 (16,633 males, 9,807 females) managed to obtain the minimum university entry qualification (mean grade of C and above) and hence qualify for progression to universities, while 17,691 (11, 264 males, 6,427 females) could not make it, unfortunately. This represents a pass rate of 59.9% (at least C plain), which indicates a decline compared to the pass rate of 95.3% in 2022. This decline can be attributed to controlled exam malpractices in the 2023 CSE Examinations,” said Awut Deng Achuil, Minister of General Education and Instruction, during the release of the results.
Data Source: Ministry of General Education and Instruction
In comparison with the previous year, the pass rate in 2023 has plummeted by 35.4% from 95.3% in 2022 and this marks the lowest pass rate recorded.
Data Source: Ministry of General Education and Instruction
Data Source: Ministry of General Education and Instruction
Conclusion:
The 2023 South Sudan Certificate of Secondary has been marked by a 35.4% decline compared with the previous year, 2022 where candidates’ performance was recorded at 95.3%. The Ministry of Education attributed the decline to controlled exam malpractices where exams were not leaked as well as candidates being unable to cheat.
To ensure accuracy and transparency, we at 211 Check welcome corrections from our readers. If you spot an error in this article, please request a correction using this form. Our team will review your request and make the necessary corrections immediately, if any.
Fighting misinformation and disinformation in the media is crucial to avoiding fake news. Don’t share content you’re uncertain about. False information can harm and mislead people, risking their lives—Fact-check before sharing. For more details, visit https://211check.org/ or message us on WhatsApp at +211 917 298 255. #FactsMatter.
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In this article, we write about the top thirty (30) Facebook pages in South Sudan in three categories: mainstream, alternative, and celebrities.
Writers: Emmanuel Bida & Ochaya Jackson
Facebook has become a powerful platform for individuals, organisations, and celebrities to connect with global audiences. Facebook’s influence has surged in South Sudan, with numerous pages captivating the nation’s populace. This article delves into the dynamic world of Facebook in South Sudan, highlighting the top thirty (30) pages that have shaped the social media narrative. Focusing on mainstream media, alternative media, and celebrities, we shed light on the influential voices that have fostered community and engagement in the digital sphere throughout 2023.
These Facebook pages have resonated with South Sudanese users, offering breaking news, thought-provoking perspectives, and glimpses into the lives of beloved celebrities. Beyond entertainment and information, these pages have sparked meaningful conversations, reflecting the diverse voices and opinions of the South Sudanese population. With engaging content, innovative storytelling, and unwavering dedication, they have become catalysts for shaping the narrative and connecting people in this captivating nation.
Join us in exploring South Sudan’s top thirty (30) Facebook pages in 2023, where innovation and creativity intersect. From established media giants to emerging alternative voices and beloved celebrities, we celebrate these digital pioneers’ unparalleled influence and impact. Experience the allure of these pages as we navigate the evolving social media landscape and witness the power of virtual connections transcending borders.
The article is based on CrowdTangle data analysis done by 211 Check for 2023 for over 150 Facebook pages.
Top 10 Mainstream Media Facebook Pages by Total Interactions and Video Views in 2023
The mainstream media in this context fall under the categories of broadcast, print, and web-based media houses, which are legally established information publishing platforms.
The media houses have been unleashing the power of social media, Facebook pages to share breaking news, feature stories, infographics, audio, and video content depicting the ideal situation of the news events in and around South Sudan. Their coverage presented information on political, economic, sports, cultural, and social issues affecting society. The followers and audiences of these pages get glued to consume the content published on these pages and interact with the content.
These media houses managed to reach a wider audience on Facebook, and most users rely heavily on them for news that informs, educates, and entertains. As per the analysis of the CrowdTangle tool done by 211 Check, below are the top 10 mainstream media Facebook pages:
Throughout 2023, Eye Radio content generated 2.60 million interactions, 6.09 million video views at a 0.16% interaction rate, and an average of 16.14 daily posts, placing itself above all mainstream media Facebook pages in South Sudan. Eye Radio’s Facebook page has 326,403 followers and a 46.17% growth rate.
SSBC News is the Facebook page for the state-run South Sudan Broadcasting Corporation, appearing as the second best-performing Facebook page in 2023. The State Corporation has achieved 359,391 total interactions of content it published throughout 2023, having 0.394% of the interaction rate, with 1.47 average daily posts and 194,382 total page followers. However, it has surpassed Eye Radio and other media houses with 7.22 million views on owned videos while having a growth rate increase of 34.09%.
Advance Digital, a Juba-based youth-focused radio, is third with its content. It generated 357,193 interactions, 4.24 million video views at a 0.16% interaction rate and an average of 3.81 daily posts. Advance Digital’s Facebook page has 174,480 followers and a 14.42% growth rate.
As the web-based media outlet, Radio Tamazuj found itself in the fourth position with 220,559 total interactions, 0.056% interaction rate, 5.19 average posts per day, 2.82 million views on owned videos, 220,954 total page followers, and 14.78% of the growth increase rate.
Radio Miraya, a UN-run nationwide broadcast station, generated just 103,341 interactions, 221,798 video views at a 0.11% interaction rate, and an average of 2.79 daily posts, placing itself fifth among the top 10 mainstream media Facebook pages in South Sudan. Radio Miraya’s Facebook page had 104,093 followers and a 17.10% growth rate throughout 2023.
The commercial-based radio broadcast entity has received 83,394 total interactions on its social media Facebook page for the entire year of 2023, having a 0.259% interaction rate, an average of 3.34 posts per day, 277,509 views on owned videos, 30,031 total number of page followers, and a growth increase of 33.83%.
The Juba-based urban radio broadcast station takes on the seventh position among the best-performing mainstream media Facebook pages with 57,456 total interactions, having an average of 2.38 posts per day, 119,222 total views on owned videos, 29,118 as the total number of page followers, and a growth increase of 21.22%.
The community-operated Bor-based radio station has 50,306 total interactions from the content it published or created for 2023. Its page has a 14.011% interaction rate, 0.1 average posts per day, 1.00 million views on owned videos, 15,282-page followers, and a 228.01% growth increase rate.
Radio Bakhita earned the ninth position among the top ten best-performing mainstream media houses in South Sudan. The radio has 47,366 overall total interactions, with an interaction rate of 0.384%, an average of 0.78 posts per day, 775,553 views on owned videos, 48,420 total page followers, and an increased growth rate of 27.02%.
The print-based media featured as the least among the top ten best-performing mainstream media houses in South Sudan. The City Review Digital packed 45,306 total interactions for the year 2023. It has a 0.13% interaction rate, an average of 6.82 daily posts, 84,729 views on owned videos, 18,652 page followers, and a 142.55% increase in growth rate.
Screenshot of the top 10 mainstream media Facebook pages in 2023
Top 10 Alternative Media Facebook Pages by Total Interactions and Video Views in 2023
An alternative media platform refers to a platform that offers an alternative to mainstream media channels for the distribution and consumption of news, information, and content. These platforms often aim to provide different perspectives, challenge dominant narratives, and give voice to marginalised or underrepresented groups.
Alternative media platforms have been subject to debates and discussions regarding their impact, credibility, and potential for spreading misinformation or extremist content. Researchers have conducted studies examining the role of alternative media platforms in the news and information ecosystem, analysing their political leanings and the narratives they propagate The concept of alternative media itself is complex and subject to ongoing debate among scholars.
Hot in Juba leads the alternative media, topping the number one position on the country’s best-performing social media Facebook pages. It had 6.27 million total interactions for 2023, having a 0.516% interaction rate, 8.81 average posts per day, 39,46 million views on owned videos, 447,392 overall number of page followers, and a growth rate increase of 45.01%.
Juba Eye wrestled second with 2.62 million total interactions, a 0.354% interaction rate, and 8.15 average daily posts. It has 3.50 million views on owned videos, 286,777 page followers, and a growth rate increase of 36.68%.
Being in the third position, Nyanciigak earned 2.23 million total interactions for the entire year of 2023, having a 1.337% interaction rate. The page has a 5.62 average of daily posts, 1.54 million views on owned videos, 102,616 total page followers, and an increased growth rate of 71.82%.
The social media Facebook page of Dalwuot Media set itself in the fourth position with 763,819 total interactions for 2023. It has a 0.489% interaction rate, 9.96 average daily posts, 5.39 million views on owned videos, 69,559-page followers, and a 326.14% growth increase.
This Facebook page has generated 705,087 total interactions with an interaction rate of 0.183%. It has 6.92 average daily posts, 102,185 views on owned videos, 165,061 page followers, and a growth increase of 17.32%.
This page has 667,665 total interactions for 2023. Meanwhile, it has a 0.439% interaction rate. The page also has 3.93 average daily posts, 5.64 million views on owned videos, 129,064 page followers, and a 56.28% growth rate.
The overall total interactions for Liberty Media 2023 stood at 573,631, with a 0.143% interaction rate. The page has 12.21 average daily posts, 7.57 million views on owned videos, 106,567 total page followers, and a growth rate increase of 46.71%.
The Facebook page of Pesahiko Media has 499,911 total interactions, a 0.311% interaction rate, and 2.38 average daily posts. It has 4.99 million views on owned videos, 206,947 total page followers, and a 26.92% growth increase rate.
The Aweil News Agency’s social media Facebook page accumulated 473,474 total interactions for 2023, with an interaction rate of 0.346%. The Facebook page has an average of 7.07 daily posts, 484,176 views on owned videos, 62,894 page followers, and a 46.95% growth rate.
This page ranked the tenth position among the best-performing alternative media in South Sudan. The page earned 357,354 total interactions for 2023 while having a 0.167% interaction rate. The average daily posts for the page stood at 5.27; however, it has 3.87 million views on owned videos, 117,281 total page followers, and a 12.81% growth rate increase.
Screenshot of the top 10 alternative media Facebook pages in 2023
Top 10 Celebrity Facebook pages by Total Interactions and Video Views in 2023
A celebrity is famous or widely known, especially in the entertainment industry. It is often associated with individuals who have achieved high public recognition and whose lives are consumed as dramatic entertainment by the public. Celebrities are typically well-known figures in areas such as film, music, comedy, writing, sports, or other forms of entertainment.
However, some celebrities, especially music artists, have sparked controversy and beefed with their content among themselves, which kept their followers busy following the trends.
The concept of celebrity has evolved with the rise of media coverage and the widespread consumption of celebrity-related content. Celebrities have unique personas made widely known through various media channels.
In the arena of comedy, celebrity, and showbiz, Penton Keah ranked first among the top ten celebrity Facebook pages in South Sudan. His page packed 3.28 million total interactions for 2023 with an 8.958% interaction rate. He has 0.08 average daily posts, 58.80 million views on owned videos, 1,574,222 overall total followers, and an increased growth rate of 65.55%.
Mr. No Rest has positioned himself as the second-leading celebrity, with his total interactions reaching 3.18 million and an interaction rate of 1.11%. He has an average of 5.2 daily posts, 1.37 million views on owned videos, 193,995 page followers, and an 81.89% growth rate.
The Action and Energy hit-maker takes the third position with 2.22 million total interactions and a 0.88% interaction rate. He has a 2.54 average of daily posts, 15.26 million views on owned videos, 316,210 page followers, and a 38.73% growth rate.
Kola’s social media, Facebook, has 2.01 million total interactions with a 0.879% interaction rate. She has 1.75 average daily posts, 8.15 million views on owned videos, 414,095-page followers, and a growth increase of 38.20%.
He has a total interactions of 1.45 million for 2023 on his Facebook page with a 2.695% interaction rate. His average number of posts per day is 0.77, while his owned video views have 794,686, 211,820 total number of his followers, and a growth increase of 22.92%.
Gaining about 1.24 million interactions at a 0.26% interaction rate, 5.1 average daily posts, and 292,530 video views throughout 2023, Silver X finds his Facebook page 6th on the top 10 list. He had 264,268 Facebook page followers, with a 10.74% growth rate.
Larson Angok’s Facebook page ranked 7th on the top 10 list, with approximately 940,224 interactions at a 0.31% interaction rate, an average of 4.36 daily posts, and 2.99 million video views throughout 2023. He experienced a growth rate of 20.95% and had 211,129 followers on his Facebook page
Juna De Star’s Facebook page secured the 8th spot on the top 10 list, accumulating around 835,183 interactions at a 0.61% interaction rate, maintaining an average of 2.25 daily posts, and achieving 2.35 million video views throughout 2023. Her Facebook page witnessed a growth rate of 27.86%, and she garnered 186,653 followers.
Singer of the hit song “Focus”, Single Dee King’s official Facebook page ranked 9th on the top 10 list, with approximately 835,183 interactions at a 2.55% interaction rate, an average of 1.57 daily posts and 5.43 million video views throughout 2023. She experienced a growth rate of 299.12% and had 64,118 followers on her Facebook page.
Music event and talent promoter Kay Two earned 579,790 total interactions for 2023. He has an interaction rate of 0.316%, an average posts of 1.76 per day, 1.74 million owned video views, 396,959 total page followers, and a growth increase of 128.22%.
Screenshot of the top 10 celebrity Facebook pages in 2023
The top 30 Facebook pages in South Sudan have immensely influenced the social media landscape, captivating users with engaging content and fostering a sense of community. From mainstream media to alternative media and beloved celebrities, these pages have entertained, informed, and sparked meaningful conversations among the South Sudanese population. They have transcended borders and connected people in the digital world, shaping public opinion and reflecting diverse voices and perspectives.
As we bid farewell to this exploration, let us embrace the power of social media and the transformative potential of innovation, creativity, and virtual connections. The impact of these pages serves as a reminder to engage, connect, and celebrate the diverse narratives that shape our world.
To ensure accuracy and transparency, we at 211 Check welcome corrections from our readers. If you spot an error in this article, please request a correction using this form. Our team will review your request and make the necessary corrections immediately, if any.
It’s vital to fight misinformation and disinformation in the media by avoiding fake news. Don’t share content you’re uncertain about. False information can harm and mislead people, risking their lives—Fact-check before sharing. For more details, visithttps://211check.org/or message us on WhatsApp at +211 917 298 255. #FactsMatters.
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The previous year, 60,714 enrolled for the exams, comprising 34,505 males and 26,209 females. This year, 69,573 candidates, 38,575 males and 30,998 females, registered.
The Acting Minister of the Ministry of General Education and Instruction, Martin Tako Moyi, said in a press statement on 18 October 2023 that 69,573 candidates, 38,575 males and 30,998 females, have dully registered for the examination, which began on Monday, 20 November 2023.
However, compared to the previous year, when 60,714 candidates, including 34,505 males and 26,209 females, registered, this year’s number shows a 14.59 per cent increase in the number of candidates.
Male candidates increased by 4,070 from 34,505 in the 2022/23 exams, and female candidates also grew by 4,789 from 26,209 the previous year.
The increase in male candidates accounts for 11.80% of the rise, while the increase in female candidates accounts for 18.27%.
2017 – 2023
Year
Males
Females
Total
2017/18
26,533
15,460
41,993
2018/19
30,480
18,000
48,480
2019/20
34,825
21,962
56,787
2020/21
32,549
20,693
53,242
2021/22
31,232
21,988
53,220
2022/23
34,505
26,209
60,714
2023/24
38,575
30,998
69,573
Table showing statistics of CPE candidates for the past six years
Table showing the number of Candidates and Examination Centers by State and Administrative Areas
S/No
State/Area
Number of Candidates
Number of Schools
Abyei Administrative Area
1,035
19
Central Equatoria State
19,325
428
Northern Bahr-el-Ghazal State
7,536
227
Ruweng Administrative Area
4,093
37
Warrap State
7,577
175
Unity State
3,616
41
Western Equatoria State
3,813
128
Western Bahr-el-Ghazal State
4,489
127
Upper Nile State
5,180
103
Lakes State
4,944
139
Greater Pibor Administrative Area
145
5
Jonglei State
3,076
80
Eastern Equatoria State
3,952
155
Egypt
789
23
Conclusion:
The increase in candidates highlights the need for adequate infrastructure and resources to accommodate the growing student population. The government should prioritise investment in schools, classrooms, textbooks, and other learning materials to ensure all students have access to quality education. While the number of female candidates has increased, there is still a gender disparity, with more male candidates than female candidates. Efforts should be made to encourage and support girls’ education, including providing scholarships, addressing cultural barriers, and promoting female role models in education.
Well-trained and motivated teachers are essential for providing quality education. The government should invest in teacher training programs, provide competitive salaries and benefits, and create a supportive working environment to attract and retain qualified teachers. The curriculum should be regularly reviewed and updated to ensure its relevance and effectiveness. Innovative teaching methods, such as incorporating technology and interactive learning, should be adopted to engage students and enhance their learning experience. South Sudan has been plagued by conflict, which has disrupted education for many children. Efforts should be made to increase access to education in conflict-affected areas, including providing safe learning spaces, recruiting and training teachers, and ensuring the availability of learning materials.
To ensure accuracy and transparency, we at 211 Checkwelcome corrections from our readers. If you spot an error in this article, please request a correction using this form. Our team will review your request and make the necessary corrections immediately, if any.
Fighting misinformation and disinformation in the media is crucial to avoiding fake news. Don’t share content you’re uncertain about. False information can harm and mislead people, risking their lives—Fact-check before sharing. For more details, visit https://211check.org/ or message us on WhatsApp at +211 917 298 255. #FactsMatter.
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44,991 candidates registered for the South Sudan Certificate of Secondary Education (SSCSE) exams in 2023, with 28,298 males and 16,685 females. Last year, 35,459 candidates registered, 22,920 males and 12,539 females.
Writer: Emmanuel Bida Thomas
South Sudan’s Ministry of General Education and Instruction announced on 18th October 2023 the schedule for the 2023 Certificate of Secondary Education (CSE) Examinations, which will take place from 4th December to 14th December 2023.
According to Martin Tako Moyi, Acting Minister of General Education and Instruction, 44,991 candidates have registered for the 2023 academic year exams. There are 16,685 females and 28,298 males among them.
However, compared to the previous year, when 35,459 candidates enrolled for the South Sudan Certificate of Secondary Education examination (SSCSE), including 22,920 males and 12,539 females, this year’s total number of candidates registered represents a 26.88% increase, the highest since the establishment of the National Examination Council.
Male candidates increased by 5,378 from 22,920 in the 2022 exams, and female candidates also increased by 4,146 from 12,539 the previous year.
Year
Males
Females
Total
2020/21
22,724
11,638
34,362
2021/22
21,799
10,368
32,167
2022/23
22,920
12,539
35,459
2023/24
28,298
16,685
44,991
Table showing the number of CSE candidates for the last three years
Martin Tako Moyi, Acting Minister of General Education and Instruction, attributes the rise in the number of candidates this academic year to the establishment of one hundred (100) new secondary schools across the country. He also said that many refugee students registered for the examinations.
“The number of schools increased by 100 (10%) compared to 400 schools registered in 2022 CSE examinations. The Refugee candidates also increased by 119 candidates (13.95%),” he said.
Table showing the number of Candidates and Examination Centers by State and Administrative Areas
S/No
State/Area
Number of Candidates
Number of Examination Centers
Abyei Administrative Area
504
5
Jonglei State
1,798
24
Lakes State
2,314
17
Unity State
1,178
24
Pibor Administrative Area
87
2
Eastern Equatoria State
2,747
39
Ruweng Administrative Area
1,843
20
Western Equatoria State
1,691
39
Central Equatoria State
17,226
176
Northern Bahr-el-Ghazal State
2,759
37
Western Bahr-el-Ghazal State
4,001
33
Warrap State
2,381
31
Upper Nile State
2,622
35
IDP Juba
3,603
17
Egypt
237
01
Key Findings:
The data from the table shows a steady increase in candidates over the past three years, with a significant jump in the 2023/24 academic year.
The number of male candidates has consistently been higher than that of female candidates.
Conclusion:
This increase in the number of candidates is a positive development for education in South Sudan. However, there is still a need to improve literacy rates in the country. The government should prioritise investing in education, including building more schools, hiring more teachers, and providing more resources to government-aided schools, especially supporting girls’ education. There should be more awareness campaigns to encourage parents to send their children, especially girls, to school. The government should work to address the ongoing conflict in the country, which has disrupted education and made it difficult for students to attend school in some fragile areas.
To ensure accuracy and transparency, we at 211 Checkwelcome corrections from our readers. If you spot an error in this article, please request a correction using this form. Our team will review your request and make the necessary corrections immediately, if any.
Fighting misinformation and disinformation in the media is crucial to avoiding fake news. Don’t share content you’re uncertain about. False information can harm and mislead people, risking their lives—Fact-check before sharing. For more details, visit https://211check.org/ or message us on WhatsApp at +211 917 298 255. #FactsMatter.
https://211check.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Number-of-CSE-candidates-for-the-last-four-years.png575796211 Checkhttps://211check.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/211Check_logo-1-300x120.png211 Check2023-11-02 11:10:102023-11-02 11:10:13National Examinations Council sees a record-high 26.88% increase in secondary education exam registrations
South Sudan’s S4 2023 results reveal Central Equatoria State’s dominance in top-performing schools and the highest number of students, with notable success in the science category.
Writer: Stephen Topua
Brace yourself for an enlightening journey as we delve into a comprehensive analysis of gender-based achievements, state-level triumphs, and the schools that paved the way for success in the 2022/23 South Sudan Certificate of Secondary Education (CSE) examinations results.
This data story highlights the students’ performances in the recently released South Sudan Certificate of Secondary Education (CSE), also known as Senior Four (S.4) results. We look at the performance by gender, state and school.
The data used in the making of this data story is available here.
Feb 24, 2023, the Ministry of General Education and Instruction of the Republic of South Sudan released a press statement on the upcoming Certificate of Secondary Education (CSE) examinations for March 2023. Thirty-five thousand four hundred fifty-nine (35,459) students were registered to participate in the exams in three hundred ninety-eight (398) schools across the states and administrative regions.
However, the total number of students who sat for the S4 results in 2023 was 28,916, with Central Equatoria State accounting for 13,901 students or 48% of the total student population.
Abyei and Pubor Administrative Region accounted for 255 and 38 students, respectively or a mere 1.01% of the total student population. This is highlighted in the chart below.
Results by State
South Sudan has ten (10) states and three (03) Administrative areas, and we analyse the results based on these parts. The results are highlighted below. We display the performance index of each State. Central Equatoria had the highest performance index of 74.8%, while Pibor Administrative Area, which also had the least number of students, had the lowest performance index of 59.7%. Unity State, Ruweng Administrative Area, IDP Juba and UNS are not represented in this data.
Top Performing Schools
Of the best-performing schools, except one (01) – (Laselie Boys from Lakes) are from Central Equatoria State. Among the top 10, Juba Dioceseaen was the best in the country, with an index of 85.8, with 134 candidates. Among the top 10, Darling Wisdom Academy had the highest number of students, with a total of 330, while Covenant Progress had the least number of students, with a total of 17.
The average number of students among the top 10 schools is 115, with an average index of 84.867. this is illustrated in detail in the graph below
Top Performing Students
How was the performance of the students? We analyse that below.
In this section, we study several parameters:
Number of students in top 10 positions
A total of twenty (20) students shared the top ten (10) positions, a total of twelve (12) gents and eight (08) ladies. All but one student was from the science section. The best student was from Western Bahr el Ghazal, while eighteen (18) were from Central Equatoria. Lakes was the other state with a representative in the second position.
A total of eight (08) schools were represented, with Brilliant Academy Secondary School having the highest number of students, a total of nine (09) out of twenty (20), or a whopping 45% of all students in the top 10 positions. This is represented below.
Performance of female students
Fourteen (14) students shared the top ten (10) female student positions, all from Central Equatoria State. Only seven (07) schools have students on this list. Darling Wisdom Academy and Brilliant Academy each have four (04) students on this list, while four (04) schools have one (01) student each. This is illustrated in the chart below.
Conclusion:
One of the findings from this data story is that Central Equatoria State (CES) has the highest number of schools, and the top-performing schools are also from Central Equatoria State (CES).
The science category also produced the highest number of top-performing students, both in general and among female students. Many students were also sharing the top positions, indicating good performance among the top students.
To ensure accuracy and transparency, we at 211 Check welcome corrections from our readers. If you spot an error in this article, please request a correction using this form. Our team will review your request and make the necessary corrections immediately, if any.
https://211check.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/South-Sudan-S4-2023-Results-Google-Docs.png424660211 Checkhttps://211check.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/211Check_logo-1-300x120.png211 Check2023-07-28 14:14:382023-07-28 14:14:46South Sudan S.4 Results 2023: A Comprehensive Analysis of Performance by Gender, States, and Schools
Data literacy builds confidence and empowers individuals to achieve excellent outcomes without the need for significant technical skills.
Writer: Stephen Topua
Introduction
The future speaks data—do you? According to research by Forrester Consulting to Tableau, over 2000 managers and employees were surveyed about the importance of data literacy in their organizations; 70% of employees are expected to work heavily with data by 2025 — up from just a mere 40% in 2018
Data is omnipresent, generated by an ever-expanding array of sources, from personal devices to vast networks of interconnected systems. The abundance of data presents both opportunities and challenges. Individuals need to possess data literacy skills to harness the potential of data. According to Jordan Morrow, Author of Be Data Literate, data literacy is about creating comfort and confidence in utilizing data within the organization, and it doesn’t mean everyone has to become super technical or be something they are not. Still, it means everyone can drive results with data.
Definition
Data literacy is the ability to read, understand, create, and communicate data effectively. It goes above and beyond merely interpreting numbers; it involves critical thinking, data analysis, and contextual comprehension. In today’s data-driven world, comprehending, analysing, and effectively utilising data is becoming an increasingly crucial skill.
As a skill set, data literacy is vital in empowering individuals to make informed decisions, understand complex issues, and drive innovation across various domains. According to Dr Emily Johnson, a renowned data scientist and educator, “Data literacy is not just about knowing how to interpret charts and graphs; it goes beyond that. It’s about critically assessing data quality, identifying biases, and using data to make informed decisions.”
This highlights that data literacy is confined to technical skills and involves a broader understanding of data’s context and implications.
Important data terms:
Data Analysis: Examining, cleaning, transforming, and interpreting data to uncover patterns, trends, and relationships.
Data Visualization: The graphical representation of data to present complex information clearly and easily understandable.
Data Ethics: The moral principles and guidelines governing data’s responsible and ethical use, including data privacy and security considerations.
Data Quality: The accuracy, reliability, and consistency of data, ensuring it is fit for its intended purpose.
Data Collection: The systematic process of gathering raw data from various sources for analysis and decision-making.
Data Cleaning: Identifying and correcting errors, inconsistencies, and inaccuracies in data to improve its quality.
Data Privacy: Protecting individuals’ personal information from unauthorised access, use, or disclosure.
Data Security: Measures and practices put in place to protect data from unauthorised access, loss, or theft.
Data Governance: The overall management and control of data within an organisation to ensure data quality, security, and compliance.
Big Data: Huge and complex data sets that require advanced technologies and analytics for processing and analysis.
Machine Learning: A subset of artificial intelligence that enables computers to learn and improve from experience without being explicitly programmed.
Data Warehouse: A centralised repository that stores and organises large volumes of data from different sources for analysis and reporting.
Data Mining: The process of extracting valuable patterns and insights from large datasets using statistical and machine learning techniques.
Data-driven Decision Making: Using data and analysis to guide and support decision-making processes.
Open Data: Data that is freely available for anyone to access, use, and distribute.
Data Integration: Combining and harmonizing data from different sources creates a unified view.
Data Storytelling: The art of presenting data and analysis in a compelling and engaging narrative to communicate insights effectively.
Data Culture: an environment where decisions are consistently backed by data and everyone within the organization, regardless of their role, is encouraged and empowered to use data in their work. It is a culture of inquiry, curiosity, and data-informed decision-making.
Data literacy skills encompass various aspects. Firstly, it involves knowing which data is appropriate and relevant for a specific purpose, ensuring that the data selected aligns with the intended goal. Data literacy also entails understanding and interpreting data visualizations, and deriving insights and meaning from graphical data representations. Another crucial skill is the capacity to think critically about the information extracted through data analysis, evaluating its validity, accuracy, and potential limitations.
Being proficient in data literacy also means understanding data analytics tools and methods and knowing when and where to apply them to extract meaningful insights. It involves recognising instances where data may be misrepresented or used misleadingly, enabling individuals to identify and address any inaccuracies or biases within the data. Lastly, data literacy encompasses communicating data-driven information to individuals needing a more robust background in data literacy, employing effective data storytelling techniques to convey complex findings clearly and compellingly.
Importance of Data Literacy:
Data literacy is a skill that goes beyond the realm of data analysts and scientists. It is essential for everyone, from students to policymakers, to navigate the data-driven landscape effectively. Data literacy is not just about knowing how to use a spreadsheet or read a graph; it’s about developing a mindset that questions, explores, and derives insights from data. It empowers individuals to be informed decision-makers in an increasingly data-saturated world.
Data literacy is a key enabler of evidence-based decision-making. With the ability to comprehend data and draw meaningful conclusions, individuals can avoid making uninformed choices that may have adverse consequences.
Ways of improving your data literacy skills
There are various approaches to enhancing your data literacy skills. To begin, you might take advantage of online courses provided by companies such as Coursera and Udemy. These courses cover various topics, starting with fundamental data skills and advancing to advanced machine-learning techniques. It is also advised that you take an introductory statistics course to understand the underlying principles of data and analytics and a data visualization course to communicate data insights effectively.
To become more comfortable with data, you should study your company’s datasets using management dashboards or business intelligence tools. Take advantage of the opportunity to go into and investigate various reports for various periods. If your present role restricts your data access, don’t hesitate to request it. Finding a data mentor is another crucial step in increasing data literacy. This mentor does not have to be a data professional; anyone comfortable using the company’s reporting tools and making data-driven decisions could play this role.
If you’re concerned or believe you’re not naturally drawn to statistics, shifting your emphasis to the benefits of using data in your work can be beneficial. Recognise how data may help you better understand your target audience, uncover market gaps, enable better decision-making, support presentations with factual information, and wow your bosses. It is also critical to practice asking meaningful questions about the data you deal with. Understand the origins, validity, and any biases of the data. Exploring the topic of bias in data and artificial intelligence can be eye-opening and help you ensure that your organization’s decisions are based on accurate and fair facts.
Finally, don’t let fear or doubt stand in your way of achieving data literacy. Accept the opportunity to learn and improve, recognising that strengthening your data abilities will aid your professional development in various ways.
Conclusion:
Data literacy is fundamental in the data-driven era, shaping how individuals interact with information and make decisions. Data literacy becomes an indispensable skill for individuals to thrive in personal and professional domains as data grows exponentially. By embracing data literacy, individuals can transform data into knowledge, making informed decisions that positively impact their lives and society.
Data literacy is a critical skill set in our data-driven world. It empowers individuals to make informed decisions, contributes to organizational success, and improves various aspects of society, from education to healthcare. As we navigate an increasingly complex and data-rich landscape, fostering data literacy among individuals becomes paramount.
To ensure accuracy and transparency, we at 211 Check welcome corrections from our readers. If you spot an error in this article, please request a correction using this form. Our team will review your request and make the necessary corrections immediately, if any.
https://211check.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Data-Literacy-Importance.png6281200211 Checkhttps://211check.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/211Check_logo-1-300x120.png211 Check2023-07-27 18:49:002023-07-28 06:52:36Explainer: Why South Sudanese should learn data literacy to harness the potential of data
This comprehensive analysis explores the history and determinants of the South Sudanese Pound’s exchange rate against the American Dollar, providing insights into its fluctuations and implications for the country’s economy.
Author: Stephen Topua
Introduction:
Currency exchange rates play a crucial role in international trade and financial markets, reflecting the value of one currency to another. This data story delves into the history of the South Sudanese Pound (SSP) and its exchange rate fluctuations against the mighty American Dollar (USD) since its introduction in 2012. We aim to provide valuable insights into the evolving relationship between the SSP and USD, shedding light on the factors influencing their exchange rate dynamics by analysing this trend over the past ten years.
South Sudan, a young nation that gained independence in 2011, introduced its national currency, the South Sudanese Pound, to establish its economic identity. Since then, the exchange rate between the SSP and USD has been a critical measure of the country’s financial performance and stability.
We use this trend to give a perspective of how this relationship has evolved over the last ten years until the present moment when the SSP is trading for over 900 for every USD.
Background:
Exchange rate: the exchange rate represents the price of a national currency valued as a foreign currency. When the exchange rate for a currency rises so that the currency exchanges for more of other currencies, it is referred to as appreciating or “strengthening.” When the exchange rate for a currency falls so that it trades for less than other currencies, it is referred to as depreciating or “weakening.
How are exchange rates determined?
Exchange rates, which reflect the value of a country’s currency to other currencies, are influenced by various factors. Inflation, interest rates, public debt, political stability, and economic health all play crucial roles in shaping the strength or weakness of a currency. Countries with low inflation rates and stable political environments tend to have stronger currencies, as they attract investors and inspire confidence. Additionally, a robust economy, positive balance of trade, and low current account deficits contribute to a currency’s appreciation. However, speculative activities and short-term market sentiments can also affect exchange rates.
Understanding these determinants helps in analyzing and predicting currency movements. Knowledge of these factors is vital for businesses, investors, and policymakers in making informed decisions in the global financial markets. It is important to monitor inflation rates, as low inflation tends to support stronger currencies. Interest rates influence the attractiveness of a currency to investors, and higher rates can strengthen exchange rates. Public debt levels, political stability, and economic health also impact exchange rates. Finally, trade balance and current account deficits affect a country’s currency value. By considering these determinants, stakeholders can navigate the complex world of foreign exchange and adjust their strategies accordingly.
Types of exchange rate systems:
There are four main types of exchange rate regimes. The first is the free-floating system, where exchange rates fluctuate constantly based on market demand and supply. Currency prices change dynamically, reflecting the forces of the foreign exchange market.
The remaining three types include fixed, pegged, and managed float systems. In the fixed system, a monetary authority sets a firm exchange rate for the currency to a foreign currency or a basket of currencies. This fixed rate remains constant over time. Under the pegged system, a country ties the value of its currency to a foreign currency or a specific unit of account. Although bilateral parity is maintained, the value of the home currency fluctuates in line with the anchor country’s currency. In the managed float system, the exchange rate is influenced by both market conditions and interventions by the monetary authority. The central bank actively participates in the foreign exchange market to manage and steer the exchange rate without committing to a predetermined path.
Understanding these various exchange rate systems is crucial for comprehending the dynamics of international trade and financial markets. Each system offers different degrees of flexibility and control over a country’s currency value, shaping economic outcomes and policy decisions.
The United States of America vs South Sudan Economies by Comparison:
The GDP is the market value of all final goods and services produced within a country in a given period. For comparison purposes, The GDP of both the USA and South Sudan are:
USA: 26.24 trillion USD
South Sudan: 7.02 Billion USD
Evolution in the exchange rate of the South Sudanese Pounds (SSP) versus the United States Dollars (USD)
At the inception, the exchange rate was SSP 2.75 for every 1 USD. However, things quickly went downhill as the exchange rate is currently at 980 SSP for every 1 USD within years, peaking at 1001 SSP for every USD. This is highlighted by the graphs below.:
The first graph shows how the exchange rates have evolved between 2012 and 2023, offering the highs and lows in the process. The second graph displays daily changes in the exchange rates, showing drastic daily changes in the process, such as the highest daily exchange rate, highest gain and highest loss in value by the SSP on the United States dollar.
The link to the visualisation showing the daily difference in the exchange rate is given Here
Some insights emerge from the data, which we highlight below:
The most significant loss in value for the SSP against the USD was between 12 and 13 October 2020, when it went from 515 to 700 in a matter of 24 hours
The biggest gain in value for the SSP against the USD was between 13 and 14 October 2020 and between 6 and 7 August 2022, when it went from 700 to 550 in a matter of 24 hours
The highest-ever exchange rate was on 24 May 2023, when it stood at 1001 SSP for every USD
How do search terms related to Exchange rates compare in South Sudan for the past 12 months?
In conclusion, we compare how searches are compared for four related topics: South Sudanese pound, USD, BoSS, exchange rate and FOREX. For this segment, we use Google Trends for the data collection and visualisation. Google Trends is a website by Google that analyzes the popularity of search queries in Google Search across various regions and languages. The website uses graphs to compare the search volume of different questions over time. We use this feature to analyse how the search patterns of the four topics emerge from July 2022 to June 2023.
The graph below shows interest over the past 12 months. The research shows that USD is consistently the most searched term, indicating considerable interest in USD in the country. All the data was collected using GoogleTrends.
The graph below shows that the USD generated the most interest in the period lasting 12 months, followed by Exchange Rate. In contrast, BoSS and the SSP showed little interest in search volumes in the analysed period.
NB: the data was visualised using Datawrapper.
This comprehensive analysis explores the South Sudanese Pound’s history and its exchange rate fluctuations against the American Dollar over the past decade. Factors influencing exchange rates, such as inflation, interest rates, public debt, political stability, economic health, balance of trade, and confidence/speculation, are discussed. The four main types of exchange rate regimes—freely floating, fixed, pegged, and managed float—are explained, highlighting their characteristics and implications. The article emphasizes the importance of understanding these determinants and exchange rate systems for businesses, investors, and policymakers to make informed decisions in the global financial markets. We also examined search trends related to exchange rates in South Sudan, indicating significant interest in the United States Dollar while providing valuable insights into the complex dynamics of exchange rates and their impact on economies.
To ensure accuracy and transparency, we at 211 Check welcome corrections from our readers. If you spot an error in this article, please request a correction using this form. Our team will review your request and make the necessary corrections immediately, if any.
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We explore the psychology behind online scams and frauds, including common tactics used by scammers, the impact of such activities on individuals and society, legal consequences for those participating in these activities, and ways to verify the authenticity and protect oneself from online fraud.
Writer: Emmanuel Bida Thomas
Unfortunately, online scams and frauds are all too common in today’s digital age. Despite efforts to increase awareness and educate people about these types of fraud, they continue to occur at an alarming rate. The psychology behind why people create online scams and frauds is complex and multifaceted. In this blog post, we’ll explore some of the common tactics used by scammers, the impact of online scams and frauds on individuals and society as a whole, the legal consequences of participating in online scams and frauds, how to verify the authenticity of scams such as job offers or recruitment messages, and how to protect oneself from online job scams and frauds.
The global prevalence of online scams and fraud
According to PwC’s Global Economic Crime and Fraud Survey 2022, 51% of surveyed organisations say they experienced fraud in the past two years, the highest level in their 20 years of research. The survey of 1,296 executives across 53 countries and regions also shows that fraudsters are becoming more sophisticated in their tactics. In a survey of over 5,000 respondents across 99 global territories in 2020, PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) found that 47 per cent had suffered at least one form of fraud in the prior 24 months—averaging six per company. These were commonly customer fraud, cybercrime, asset misappropriation, bribery, and corruption, costing $42 billion.
The Psychology Behind Online Scams and Frauds
The desire for financial gain is the root of most online scams and frauds. Scammers often use social engineering techniques to manipulate victims into giving up personal information, money, or sensitive data. These techniques exploit human vulnerabilities, including fear, curiosity, greed, and compassion. For example, some scammers may pose as a trustworthy authority figures, such as a doctor or government official, to convince their victims to hand over sensitive information.
Others may use emotional appeals, promising quick riches or presenting themselves as long-lost friends or loved ones needing urgent help. Still, others may use threats or blackmail to extort money or information from their victims. Ultimately, the success of any scam relies on the victim’s willingness to trust the scammer and act upon their demands.
Socio-economic factors contributing to online scams and positive impacts
Some people may use online scams to survive in countries with limited economic opportunities. While this does not justify fraudulent behaviour, it is essential to acknowledge that underlying socioeconomic factors may contribute to the prevalence of online scams.
It’s important to understand that people engage in fraudulent behaviour for various reasons. These reasons are often related to broader societal issues such as poverty, inequality, and lack of access to education and economic opportunities. While it’s never acceptable to engage in fraud or other illegal activities, addressing the root causes of these behaviours is essential to create a more just and equitable society. One way to do this is by investing in programs and policies that promote economic growth and opportunity, improve access to education and training, and support marginalised communities. A holistic approach to addressing these issues can reduce the prevalence of online scams and other forms of fraud while promoting more significant social and economic justice.
It is difficult to find any positive impacts of online scams. However, some studies suggest that online shaming can have positive influences, such as the communication of group norms and the punishment of their violation by elevating the status of those enforcing them.
The four stages of a scam are:
The typical stages of a scam are from when the scammer first contacts a potential victim to the victim realising they’ve been defrauded.
The opportunity is also called setup: Scammers contact potential victims. They often have tremendous success if the victim is experiencing a vulnerable period in their life. The scammer sets up the scam, which involves creating a fake story or scenario to trick the victim into parting with their money or personal information.
The hook or scam itself: The scammer makes initial contact with the victim and uses various tactics to gain their trust and confidence, such as offering a fake investment opportunity or pretending to be a government agency. Fraudsters create a credible fake story to target victims, such as a bank staff member, an investment expert, a seller of goods or a romantic interest. Scammers use imitation to appear more believable. Tactics include spoofing phone numbers or using fake reviews to create credible online ads. Scammers build a relationship with the victim by appearing likeable and establishing similarities.
The payoff, known as payment: The scammer convinces the victim to send them money or provide personal information, often by promising a significant return on investment or threatening legal action if they don’t comply. Scammers create an overwhelming sense of urgency, leaving victims little time to double-check details and manipulating them into dismissing warnings from experts, family members or friends.
The endgame and aftermath: The scammer disappears with the victim’s money or personal information, leaving them with little recourse for recovery. In some cases, the scammer may continue to contact the victim to get more money or information from them. The victim realises that they’ve been scammed, often causing feelings of distress and shame. Too often, banks and the police don’t deal with the situation well, leaving the victim under further stress. On many occasions, the victim isn’t reimbursed for their losses.
Common Tactics Used by Scammers
Scammers use various tactics to trick people into giving them money or personal information. Some of the most common tactics used by scammers include impersonation, urgency, and emotional manipulation:
Phishing emails and text messages: Appear to be from a reputable source but contain links or attachments that install malware or steal personal information.
Advance fee scams: These are scams where the scammer poses as a wealthy individual who needs help transferring funds out of their country. The victim is promised a reward for helping but is asked to pay various fees upfront, which are never returned.
Charity scams: These are scams where the scammer poses as a charitable organisation and solicits donations from unsuspecting individuals. The money collected is often never used for its intended purpose.
Impersonation scams: These are scams where the scammer poses as a legitimate authority figure, such as a government official, police officer, or bank representative. They use this guise to obtain personal or sensitive information from their victims.
Impact of Online Scams and Frauds
The impact of online scams and frauds can devastate individuals and society. Victims can suffer financial losses, identity theft, and emotional distress. Online scams and frauds can undermine trust in institutions and the economy. Victims may also face legal consequences if they unknowingly participate in illegal activities, such as money laundering or wire fraud.
Online scams and frauds impact society, eroding trust and confidence in digital transactions and communication. This can lead to decreased adoption of new technologies and increased costs for businesses that must invest in cybersecurity measures to protect themselves and their customers. According to the International Monetary Fund (IMF), incidents that corrupt the integrity of financial data can potentially undermine trust and confidence more broadly. In addition, exposure to online misinformation has been linked to lower trust in mainstream media across party lines.
Legal Consequences of Participating in Online Scams and Frauds
Participating in online scams and frauds can have serious legal consequences. Depending on the nature and scope of the scam, individuals who are caught may face fines, imprisonment, or both. In some cases, individuals may also be required to pay restitution to their victims.
How to Verify the Authenticity of Scams
It’s important to verify the authenticity of any message or job offer before providing personal or sensitive information. Some ways to do this include:
-Researching the company or organisation online to see if they have a legitimate website or social media presence.
Contact the company or organisation directly to confirm the message’s legitimacy or offer.
Checking with relevant authorities, such as the Better Business Bureau or local law enforcement, to see if any reports of fraud or scams are associated with the company or organisation.
How to Protect Oneself from Online Scams and Frauds
Be cautious about providing personal or sensitive information online.
Avoid clicking on links or downloading attachments from unknown sources.
Use strong passwords and two-factor authentication for online accounts.
Install antivirus software and keep it updated.
Report any suspicious activity to relevant authorities.
A fairer system for scam victims
South Sudan has been plagued by scams and frauds, leaving many victims without justice or compensation. To establish a fairer system, the establishment of Computer Incident Response Term (CIRT), a centralised government agency by the National Community Authority, should be expedited to handle scams and fraud reports. CIRT should employ trained investigators who work with victims to gather evidence and pursue legal action against scammers. Scam victims should be provided with counselling services, information on avoiding scams and establishing a compensation fund in the future. The legal system must be strengthened to ensure that scammers are held accountable, and victims receive justice. Education and awareness campaigns could be implemented to help prevent future scams by educating the public on how to spot and avoid them.
Computer Incident Response Teams (CIRTs) can effectively combat online scams by providing a coordinated and rapid response to security incidents. CIRTs can help to identify and contain security incidents, minimise damage, and restore normal operations as quickly as possible. They can also help to prevent future incidents by identifying vulnerabilities and implementing security measures to address them.
While implementing such a system may require significant resources and effort, it could provide much-needed support and justice to victims of scams in South Sudan.
New laws could provide more excellent protection
Two significant pieces of legislation that are yet to go through parliament will help to provide improved protections against scams or help for scam victims in South Sudan:
The Data Protection Bill aims to regulate the collection, use, storage, and sharing of personal data by individuals, organisations, and institutions. It will hold online platforms responsible for fraudulent content and ads, which means that they will be required to take steps to prevent the spread of malicious advertisements and fake news on their platforms. This could help reduce the number of online scams and provide more excellent protection to consumers who may fall victim to these scams.
The Cybercrime and Computer Misuse Bill addresses cybercrime activities such as hacking, identity theft, and phishing. The bill criminalises computer-related offences and provides penalties for those found guilty of engaging in such activities. This bill can help deter cybercriminals from carrying out illegal activities by imposing stiff penalties and providing a legal framework within which law enforcement agencies can investigate and prosecute cybercriminals.
Conclusion
Unfortunately, online scams and frauds are a reality in today’s digital age. The psychology behind why people create these types of fraud is complex but often involves a desire for financial gain. To protect oneself from these types of scams, it’s essential to be cautious about providing personal information online and to verify the authenticity of any message or job offer before acting upon it. By staying vigilant and informed, individuals can avoid falling victim to online scams and fraud.
To ensure accuracy and transparency, we at 211 Check welcome corrections from our readers. If you spot an error in this article, please request a correction using this form. Our team will review your request and make the necessary corrections immediately, if any.
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The survey is expected to be an essential resource for the government’s development planning, decision-making, and provision of services as it provides the latest accurate population estimates and other demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the inhabitants.
Writer: Jibi Moses
The National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) in South Sudan released the Population Estimation Survey 2021 (PES) on April 6th, 2023, revealing a surge in the country’s population to 12.4 million people, a rise of over four million people. The PES 2021 was conducted between May 28th and June 15th, 2021, across ten states and three Administrative areas, with a female population of 52.9% and a male population of 47.1%, while the youth population stands at 77%.
The PES 2021 is expected to be an essential resource for the government’s development planning, decision-making, and provision of services. The survey will monitor the performance of the National Development strategy and the sustainable development goals while providing policymakers with briefs and reference points for research.
With South Sudan’s last census conducted in 2008, the PES 2021 provides the latest accurate population estimates and other demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the inhabitants. The NBS utilised satellite imagery and enumeration to ensure the quality of information and data for the survey met the basic assumptions of the analytic method.
Despite the impact of civil war outbreaks since independence in 2011, the PES 2021 provides a comprehensive and up-to-date representation of South Sudan’s population, enabling policymakers and decision-makers to implement evidence-based planning and decision-making for progress and sustainable development in the country.
The country’s last Census was in 2008, when it was still an autonomous region of Sudan. While releasing the results, Isaiah Chol Aruai, the chairperson of NBS, explained that the figures are based on satellite imagery and enumeration across ten states and three Administrative areas.
“The quality of information and data for a given locale, as well as the ability of the data to meet the basic assumptions of the analytic method, are key to performing accurate estimates or projections,” Isaiah Chol Aruai said.
National statistical offices often produce estimates and projections of various characteristics of a population. These statistics are a vital source of information for decision-makers throughout the government, the private sector, and civil society. An estimate calculates a population’s size or distribution or another population characteristic for the present or past. At the same time, a projection describes these characteristics in the future.
In most countries, policymakers and other data users often require accurate information between census data releases every ten years. Although a full population count only occurs during a census, statistical methods and tools often produce regular, up-to-date population estimates.
Population estimates can describe the population size and demographic characteristics such as age, sex, or education level. Population estimates depend on change’s demographic components: mortality, fertility, and migration.
Estimates of mortality, fertility, and migration estimates are derived from data available from censuses, surveys, registration systems, and other administrative records. Estimates and projections are calculated similarly. However, estimates employ observed data and hypotheses of demographic change when data are incomplete. Projections, on the other hand, rely on hypotheses about demographic change in the future.
One of the most widely used approaches for producing population estimates and projections is the Cohort Component Method, which can be used to calculate detailed statistics such as population by age and sex, total fertility rate, infant mortality rate, and population growth rate. A population may also be estimated and projected for multiple geography units, from the national to various subnational levels (e.g.States, Counties, Districts, Payams, Bomas).
Figure 2: A bar chart showing the total populations from the ten states and the administrative Areas | Source: Flourish Studio Data Visualization
Fig 3. A stacked bar chart showing the figures of the two most recent population census in 2008 and the PES 2021 | Source: Flourish studio data visualization.
Fig 4: A bar chart showing the population percentage between the two censuses, 2008 and PES 2021 | Source: Flourish Studio Data Visualization
Criticisms from the Public:
The PES 2021 report was received with much scepticism and criticism from the public. Individuals and organisations criticised the authenticity of the data. Some voices challenging the report can be found in this article by The East African and an analysis by The Sudd Institute.
“Some opposition politicians and some in the civil society questioned the estimates that put the total of the country’s population to 12,444,018 and are demanding what they term “a proper census” as per the 2018 peace agreement. UN estimates had put the population at 11,556,069 even though the UN itself partly supported the current survey,” reports The East African
Augustino T. Mayai, the Managing Director of the Sudd Institute, an independent research organisation, analysed the scientific, political, and policy implications of the PES results stating that the new estimates are in stark contrast with South Sudan’s 2008 census counts, which stood at 8.26 million, informing the 2010 regional and national elections. These estimates, he says, “…have so far generated heated debates in various quarters, with many outright contesting them for a host of good reasons.”
However, on the 13th of April, NBS clarified that the PES 2021 results should not be used for electoral purposes, Juba Echo, but for planning and policy guidance, such as Something Augustino T. Magai questions.
‘’…if the PES results cannot be used for electoral purposes, then it is odd to use them
for development. Using the scientifically troubled PES results for development (i.e.,
distributing services) is more problematic than using them for politics. This is because
development is for the ‘greater good for a greater number of people,’ as should be obvious,
South Sudan’s politics benefits a select few. Let me illustrate. Suppose the Northern Bahr el Ghazal government constructs 50 new schools in Aweil East based on the current estimates, subsequently recruiting teachers and enrolling students. It then dawns on the government that only ten such schools must be based on actual enrollments. The result then boils down to resources wasted and injustice inflicted on populations that genuinely deserve the services but could not get..,’’ as quoted in his report.
Conclusion:
Much as the PES 2021 results announced, NBS decried a lot of challenges in bringing out accurate and perfect results; among these, they cited the insecurity in parts of the country, floods that had submerged a lot of the inhabited land areas, lack of resources both financial and human. However, against all odds, they could still get the necessary data.
The PES 2021 results put the current estimated population at 12,446,016, with an increment of 4,186,335 from the 2008 population census, which had the country at 8,260,490. This shows an annual percentage growth of 3.9%.
The current population of South Sudan is 11,556,786 as of Tuesday, April 25th 2023, based on the latest United Nations data. With 43% of the population below 14, 54% between 15 – 64 and 3% representing 65 and above.
Population estimates are a vital source of information for decision-makers throughout the government, private sector, and civil society. In most countries, policymakers and other data users often require accurate information between census data releases every ten years. Although a full population count only occurs during a census, statistical methods and tools often produce regular, up-to-date population estimates.
Demographic components such as mortality, fertility, and migration must be considered to ensure the accuracy of population estimates. Estimates of these components are derived from data available from censuses, surveys, registration systems, and other administrative records. The Cohort Component Method is widely used for producing population estimates and projections.
Given the importance of accurate population estimates, it is recommended that South Sudan conducts regular surveys and censuses to ensure policymakers have the necessary information for decision-making. Innovative methods such as satellite imagery and enumeration can enhance the quality of information and data collected during surveys and censuses. Policymakers should prioritise evidence-based planning and decision-making for progress and sustainable development in South Sudan.
This article is part of our data stories work written with the firm belief that factual and data-driven reporting can influence decision-making and public perceptions and educate the audience on public interest issues.
To ensure accuracy and transparency, we at 211 Check welcome corrections from our readers. If you spot an error in this article, please request a correction using this form. Our team will review your request and make the necessary corrections immediately, if any.
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By August 2022, South Sudan already had the highest rate of data cost in the East African region. By the end of the year, it was increased once again, making the average cost of one Gigabyte USD 7, which is way too expensive for the typical user.
Writer: Jibi Moses
Internet data consumption in East Africa has risen in recent years, driven by a growing middle class, increased affordability of smartphones, and the expansion of 4G networks. Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda are the top three countries in the region with the highest data usage levels. Mobile data is the most popular form of internet connectivity in the region, with social media, video streaming, and mobile money services being the most popular uses of data. However, the high cost of data remains a challenge for many users in the region.
The cost of one gigabyte in East African countries varies depending on the provider and location.
However, on average, the cost ranges from $0.49 to $2.51 per gigabyte, with Tanzania being the cheapest in the region and South Sudan having the most expensive internet gigabytes in the region for United States Dollars 2.51 by 1 August 2022. However, from September, the Telecommunication offices adjusted the cost together; currently, the average cost is 7 dollars per gigabyte.
S/no
Country
Average (USD)
Highest (USD)
Lowest cost (USD)
01
Burundi
1.86
4.82
0.37
02
DR Congo
1.03
2.27
0.36
03
Kenya
0.84
4.23
0.84
04
Rwanda
1.10
7.33
0.33
05
South Sudan
2.51
18.0
0.50
06
Tanzania
0.71
10.72
0.36
07
Uganda
1.32
15.81
0.49
Table 1: showing the highest, lowest and average cost of Data in East Africa by 1st Aug 2022
On average, one gigabyte of mobile internet in East Africa amounted to 1.34 USD in 2022, slightly higher than in other regions. In Northern Africa, the price for mobile data was far lower, at 1.05 U.S. dollars on average.
A few factors influence the elevated mobile data prices in East Africa, such as high taxation and the lack of infrastructure. In June 2020, around 56 per cent of the population in Sub-Saharan Africa lived within a range of 25 kilometres from fibre networks. East Africa was the last central region on Earth without fibre-optic broadband Internet access. Until the summer of 2009, it had been forced to rely on slow and costly satellite connections for access. However, after hundreds of millions of pounds of investment, the region has recently been connected via the first of three submarine fibre optic broadband cables, thus allowing much greater speeds at much lower prices.
A bar chart illustrating data consumption in East Africa created with Datawrapper
Over 277 million people are estimated to be connected to the internet in the region as of December 2022. Kenya leads in the region with over 48 million of its population accessing the Internet, and South Sudan with a minor population of only 900,716 people accessing the Internet.
From September to November 2022, telecommunication companies started implementing an increment in tariff plans. According to the National Communication Authority, it was done to adjust rates for mobile network operators from 300 SSP per 1 USD to the current Central Bank rate of 600 SSP per 1 USD. This enabled these companies to operate in the market due to the depreciating SSP against the USD.
Here is why South Sudan has the most expensive internet data rates in East Africa:
By August 2021, South Sudan already had the highest rate of data cost in the region, and by the end of the year, it again increased, according to Eye Radio.
Multiple factors hinder Internet access in South Sudan. Firstly, the country has minimal infrastructure for internet access, with only a few significant ISPs relying on expensive satellite connections. This results in high internet access costs for consumers. Secondly, the country’s fragile economy, plagued by civil war and economic instability, makes it challenging for businesses to invest, resulting in very little competition among ISPs and allowing them to charge high prices. Finally, the South Sudanese government has not made significant efforts to promote internet access by not investing in building a national fibre optic network and making it difficult for businesses to obtain licences to operate as ISPs. Consequently, internet access remains prohibitively expensive and out of reach for many people in South Sudan.
Many things could be done to make the Internet more affordable in South Sudan. The government could invest in building a national fibre optic network, making it cheaper for ISPs to provide internet access. The government could also make it easier for businesses to get licences to operate as ISPs, increasing competition and lowering prices. Finally, the government could subsidise low-income households to afford internet access.
However, it is essential to note that making the Internet more affordable is not a simple task. It requires a significant investment of time and money.
https://211check.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Highest-lowest-and-average-cost-of-Data-in-East-Africa.png575796211 Checkhttps://211check.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/211Check_logo-1-300x120.png211 Check2023-04-17 15:12:562023-04-17 15:13:03Data Story: Why South Sudan has the most expensive internet data rates in East Africa
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